COMPARING THE EFFECT OF SECOND-GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTICS VERSUS SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS IN REFRACTORY OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE CLINICAL TRIALS

Objective: In this concise and systematic review, the trend of using major medication modalities prescribed for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), including serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are discussed.Methods: We systematically searched PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) systematically using Mesh terms. OCDis extremely disabling and associated with considerable depression and other serious psychiatric illnesses.Results: Through databases, we found 78 randomized clinical trials (RCTs), which included selective SSRI compared with routine drug therapy or placebo. Out of these 78 studies, 62 studies were conducted on adult patients with OCD, comprising 7920 cases. While only 16 RCTs were performed on children and adolescents with OCD, including 1313 people. We found 24 clinical trial studies related to SGAs, of which were conducted on adult patients with OCD, including 992 cases.Conclusion: As our data showed among the SSRIs, fluvoxamine has been particularly well studied and used in RCTs in both children and adolescents with OCD. According to the summary of our review, it will be better when therapists use SGAs in the early treatment programs of refractory OCD. Thus, considering our reviewed, it seems that the first choice of early treatment programs of refractory OCD is fluvoxamine in combination with quetiapine or aripiprazole.Keywords: Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Refractory, Second-generation antipsychotic drugs, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.Â

Filtered OFDM systems, algorithms and performance analysis for 5G and beyond

Filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (F-OFDM) system is a promising waveform for 5G and beyond to enable multi-service system and spectrum efficient network slicing. However, the performance for F-OFDM systems has not been systematically analyzed in literature. In this paper, we first establish a mathematical model for F-OFDM system and derive the conditions to achieve the interference-free one-tap channel equalization. In the practical cases (e.g., insufficient guard interval, asynchronous transmission, etc.), the analytical expressions for inter-symbol-interference (ISI), inter-carrier-interference (ICI) and adjacent-carrier-interference (ACI) are derived, where the last term is considered as one of the key factors for asynchronous transmissions. Based on the framework, an optimal power compensation matrix is derived to make all of the subcarriers having the same ergodic performance. Another key contribution of the paper is that we propose a multi-rate F-OFDM system to enable low complexity low cost communication scenarios such as narrow band Internet of Things (IoT), at the cost of generating inter-subband-interference (ISubBI). Low computational complexity algorithms are proposed to cancel the ISubBI. The result shows that the derived analytical expressions match the simulation results, and the proposed ISubBI cancelation algorithms can significantly save the original F-OFDM complexity (up to 100 times) without significant performance los

A novel equivalent definition of modified Bessel functions for performance analysis of multi-hop wireless communication systems

A statistical model is derived for the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of the Source-to-Relay-to-Destination (S-R-D) link for Amplify-and-Forward (AF) relaying systems that are subject to block Rayleigh-fading. The probability density function and the cumulated density function of the S-R-D link SNR involve modified Bessel functions of the second kind. Using fractional-calculus mathematics, a novel approach is introduced to rewrite those Bessel functions (and the statistical model of the S-R-D link SNR) in series form using simple elementary functions. Moreover, a statistical characterization of the total receive-SNR at the destination, corresponding to the S-R-D and the S-D link SNR, is provided for a more general relaying scenario in which the destination receives signals from both the relay and the source and processes them using maximum ratio combining (MRC). Using the novel statistical model for the total receive SNR at the destination, accurate and simple analytical expressions for the outage probability, the bit error probability, and the ergodic capacity are obtained. The analytical results presented in this paper provide a theoretical framework to analyze the performance of the AF cooperative systems with an MRC receiver

Impact of perceptual learning on resting-state fMRI connectivity: A supervised classification study

International audiencePerceptual learning sculpts ongoing brain activity [1]. This finding has been observed by statistically comparing the functional connectivity (FC) patterns computed from resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data recorded before and after intensive training to a visual attention task. Hence, functional connectivity serves a dynamic role in brain function, supporting the consolidation of previous experience. Following this line of research, we trained three groups of individuals to a visual discrimination task during a magneto-encephalography (MEG) experiment [2]. The same individuals were then scanned in rs-fMRI. Here, in a supervised classification framework, we demonstrate that FC metrics computed on rs-fMRI data are able to predict the type of training the participants received. On top of that, we show that the prediction accuracies based on tangent embedding FC measure outperform those based on our recently developed multivariate wavelet-based Hurst exponent estimator [3], which captures low frequency fluctuations in ongoing brain activity too

Numerical Investigation of Nanofluid Forced Convection in Channels with Discrete Heat Sources

Numerical simulation is performed to investigate the laminar force convection of Al2O3/water nanofluid in a flow channel with discrete heat sources. The heat sources are placed on the bottom wall of channel which produce much thermal energy that must be evacuated from the system. The remaining surfaces of channel are kept adiabatic to exchange energy between nanofluid and heat sources. In the present study the effects of Reynolds number (Re=50,100,200,400, and 1000), particle volume fraction (=0 (distilled water), 1 and 4%) on the average heat transfer coefficient (h), pressure drop (Δ), and wall temperature () are evaluated. The use of nanofluid can produce an asymmetric velocity along the height of the channel. The results show a maximum value 38% increase in average heat transfer coefficient and 68% increase in pressure drop for all the considered cases when compared to basefluid (i.e., water). It is also observed that the wall temperature decreases remarkably as Re and ϕ increase. Finally, thermal-hydraulic performance (η) is evaluated and it is seen that best performance can be obtained for Re=1000 and =4%

Određivanje kritičnih uvjeta probijanja sjemenki badema metodom odzivnih površina i genetskim algoritmom

In this study, the effect of seed moisture content, probe diameter and loading velocity (puncture conditions) on some mechanical properties of almond kernel and peeled almond kernel is considered to model a relationship between the puncture conditions and rupture energy. Furthermore, distribution of the mechanical properties is determined. The main objective is to determine the critical values of mechanical properties significant for peeling machines. The response surface methodology was used to find the relationship between the input parameters and the output responses, and the fitness function was applied to measure the optimal values using the genetic algorithm. Two-parameter Weibull function was used to describe the distribution of mechanical properties. Based on the Weibull parameter values, i.e. shape parameter (β) and scale parameter (η) calculated for each property, the mechanical distribution variations were completely described and it was confirmed that the mechanical properties are rule governed, which makes the Weibull function suitable for estimating their distributions. The energy model estimated using response surface methodology shows that the mechanical properties relate exponentially to the moisture, and polynomially to the loading velocity and probe diameter, which enabled successful estimation of the rupture energy (R²=0.94). The genetic algorithm calculated the critical values of seed moisture, probe diameter, and loading velocity to be 18.11 % on dry mass basis, 0.79 mm, and 0.15 mm/min, respectively, and optimum rupture energy of 1.97·10-³ J. These conditions were used for comparison with new samples, where the rupture energy was experimentally measured to be 2.68 and 2.21·10-³ J for kernel and peeled kernel, respectively, which was nearly in agreement with our model results.U ovom je radu ispitan utjecaj udjela vlage u sjemenki, promjera sonde i brzine povećanja opterećenja (tj. uvjeta probijanja) na mehanička svojstva neoljuštene i oljuštene sjemenke badema. Izrađen je model za usporedbu uvjeta probijanja i čvrstoće sjemenki, te su ispitane mehaničke značajke sjemenki radi utvrđivanja kritičnih vrijednosti važnih za rad uređaja za ljuštenje badema. Metodom je odzivnih površina utvrđen odnos između početnih parametara i krajnjih vrijednosti, a optimalni su uvjeti procesa određeni genetskim algoritmom pomoću funkcije prikladnosti. Raspodjela mehaničkih svojstava opisana je primjenom Weibullovog modela s dva parametra, i to oblika (β) i skaliranja (η), te su u cijelosti prikazane varijacije tih značajki. Potvrđeno je da je Weibullova funkcija prikladna za određivanje raspodjele mehaničkih svojstava. Metodom odzivnih površina uspješno je procijenjena energija loma (R²=0,94), te je utvrđeno da je odnos između mehaničkih svojstava i udjela vlage eksponencijalan, a onaj između mehaničkih svojstava i brzine povećanja opterećenja te promjera sonde polinoman. Pomoću genetskog algoritma izračunate su sljedeće vrijednosti: kritični udjel vlage u bademu od 18,11 % (na bazi suhe tvari), promjer sonde od 0,79 mm, brzina povećanja opterećenja od 0,15 mm/min, te optimalna energija loma od 1,97·10-³ J. Ispitivanjem novih uzoraka određena je energija loma neoljuštenih badema od 2,68·10-³ J i oljuštenih od 2,21·10-³ J, što je u skladu s rezultatima dobivenim pomoću modela

Comparing functional connectivity based predictive models across datasets

International audienceResting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) holds the promise of easy-to-acquire and wide-spectrum biomarkers. However, there are few predictive-modeling studies on resting state, and processing pipelines all vary. Here, we systematically study resting state functional-connectivity (FC)-based prediction across three different cohorts. Analysis pipelines consist of four steps: Delineation of brain regions of interest (ROIs), ROI-level rs-fMRI time series signal extraction, FC estimation and linear model classification analysis of FC features. For each step, we explore various methodological choices: ROI set selection, FC metrics, and linear classifiers to compare and evaluate the dominant strategies for the sake of prediction accuracy. We achieve good prediction results on the three different targets. With regard to pipeline selection, we obtain consistent results in two pipeline steps –FC metrics and linear classifiers– that are vital in the diagnosis of rs-fMRI based disease biomarkers. Regarding brain ROIs selection, we observe that the effects of different diseases are best characterized by different strategies: Schizophrenia discrimination is best performed in dataset-specific ROIs, which is not clearly the case for other pathologies. Overall, we outline some dominant strategies, in spite of the specificity of each brain disease in term of FC pattern disruption